CLOVE TERPENE NATURAL ISOLATE OIL By DDISTILLERS

Brand: DDistillers

INCI name: Clove Terpene

Product Category: Single natural isolate, purity: 100%

Barcode: -

HS Code: 33019090

CAS#:

FEMA#: -

Extraction method: Fractional Distillation

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Clove Terpene Natural Isolate Oil is a natural terpene isolate extracted from clove essential oil (Syzygium aromaticum) through fractional distillation, a distillation method that separates components based on differences in boiling points to achieve high purity without thermal degradation. This process begins with steam distillation of cloves to obtain raw essential oil, then precisely fractionated to isolate the pure terpene fraction with sesquiterpene concentrations up to 90%, minimizing contaminants such as eugenol.

Organoleptic Characteristics:

·         Color: Yellow to brown liquid.

·         Aroma: Woody-spicy, peppery with warm, earthy, slightly spicy clove-like nuances that are soothing.

·         Texture: Light to medium liquid, low volatility, with slow evaporation for long-lasting and stable aromatic effects.

Composition:

Clove terpene is dominated by β-caryophyllene (≥70%) as the main sesquiterpene, accompanied by α-humulene (5–10%) and other minor terpenes, functioning as a non-psychoactive cannabinoid through interaction with CB2 receptors for anti-inflammatory modulation and reduction of oxidative stress. This compound also exhibits strong antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, antioxidant properties for cellular protection, as well as muscle-relaxant and neuroprotective effects, consistent with the traditional use of cloves in Southeast Asian herbal medicine. This isolate is ideal for cosmetics and personal care formulations such as perfume fixatives, anti-acne lotions, aromatherapy soaps, or soothing creams, where it enhances aroma stability, supports natural claims, and provides long-term grounding effects with high bioavailability.

BOTANICAL & MORPHOLOGY

Clove terpene primarily originates from plants of the Myrtaceae family, specifically Syzygium aromaticum (clove) in the tropical regions of Indonesia, especially the Maluku Islands as the native habitat. Syzygium aromaticum is an evergreen tree with wide distribution in humid tropical climates, including Indonesia, India, Madagascar, Tanzania, Sri Lanka, and Brazil, cultivated intensively in agroforestry plantations. This plant grows optimally in warm tropical climates (average temperature 20–30°C, rainfall 1,500–2,500 mm/year), in fertile volcanic, loamy, or lateritic soils that are loose and well-drained with pH 5–7 and an elevation of 0–1,000 masl.

Botanical characteristics of Syzygium aromaticum:

• Habit: Evergreen tree 5–20 meters tall (commonly 8–12 m), with straight trunk and broad rounded or dense conical crown; semi-erect and low branches, often pruned to facilitate flower bud harvesting; deep taproot for stability in hilly soils.
• Trunk & bark: Trunk diameter up to 30–60 cm, grayish-brown bark that peels in thin plates; reddish resinous sap containing phenolic compounds such as eugenol and sesquiterpenes (including β-caryophyllene as precursor of clove terpene).
• Leaves: Simple, opposite or alternate, elliptic-lanceolate (length 8–18 cm, width 4–7 cm), glossy green surface above and paler beneath with pinnate veins; containing essential oil glands that produce terpenes as chemical defense against pathogens.
• Flowers: Hermaphroditic, arranged in terminal panicles 5–15 cm long; flower buds nail-shaped (1–2 cm long), light green turning pink before blooming; small flowers with 4 green petals, 4 sepals, and many yellowish-white stamens; mainly pollinated by insects such as bees during the dry season, with young buds being the main source of clove terpene (sesquiterpene fraction up to 15–20% in essential oil).
• Fruit: Round or elliptical berry (1–2 cm diameter), red to dark purple when ripe, containing a single seed; although the fruit is rarely harvested, flower buds are collected before blooming to produce essential oil rich in terpenes such as β-caryophyllene (≥70% in terpene isolate fraction).

Ecology & Distribution:

Syzygium aromaticum grows naturally in lowland tropical rainforests or mixed plantations in the Maluku region (Indonesia) as an endemic species, now widely distributed across global wet tropical zones through the spice trade since the 16th century. The plant tolerates partial shade, high humidity, and acidic soil, playing a role in agroforestry ecosystems as a shade tree supporting crop diversification and preventing erosion on volcanic slopes. Clove terpene, as the volatile fraction of clove, functions in plant defense against herbivores, pathogenic fungi, and environmental stress through natural antimicrobial properties, as well as attracting insect pollinators through its strong spicy aroma.

Ecological Role:

• Provides habitat for wildlife, including Maluku endemic birds and pollinating insects, through dense canopy offering protection and food sources.
• Deep root systems and wide canopy prevent soil erosion in landslide-prone hilly areas and improve soil fertility through nutrient-rich leaf litter.
• Sap and terpene compounds support soil microbial biodiversity and regulate plant competition through allelopathic effects, while contributing to the conservation of native Indonesian spices through organic plantations.

HISTORY & TRADITIONAL USE

Clove terpene, as a natural sesquiterpene fraction extracted from clove essential oil (Syzygium aromaticum)—primarily β-caryophyllene (≥70%) and α-humulene—has a long historical record as part of traditional medicine and spice trade in the tropical regions of Asia. Originating from the Maluku Islands (Spice Islands) in Indonesia as its native habitat, cloves and their terpene fractions have been used since the Han Dynasty in China (around 200 BC) as “chicken-tongue spice” to relieve toothache, digestive issues, and as a warm antiseptic, either through direct clove chewing or essential oil infusion.

In the Indian Ayurvedic system (around 1500 BC), clove terpene—rich in β-caryophyllene up to 15–20%—was recommended to balance vata and kapha doshas, treat arthritis, asthma, intestinal infections, and nausea, thanks to its natural anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Meanwhile, indigenous communities of Southeast Asia and ancient China used it for wounds, mouth pain, and respiratory support, with Hippocrates in Ancient Greece (around 400 BC) documenting the use of similar spices for digestive and respiratory issues.

During the Middle Ages, clove terpene became a key commodity in Portuguese and Dutch spice trade (16th century), spreading into Europe as a component of balms, theriac detoxification formulations, food preservatives, and royal perfumes—helping to combat plagues and maintain aroma stability. Scientific advancements began in the 1830s when French chemists isolated eugenol from clove essential oil through steam distillation, followed by the separation of specific terpene fractions in the early 20th century; the structure of β-caryophyllene was determined in the 1960s via spectroscopy, and pharmacological research in the 1970s uncovered its interaction with type 2 cannabinoid receptors (CB2), making it a non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid for immune modulation without euphoric effects.

In the post-2000 era, clove terpene became widely recognized in modern applications, including cosmetics as an aroma fixative and antimicrobial agent in anti-acne lotions, as well as nutraceuticals for managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and neuroprotective effects. Today, alongside the trend of plant-based therapies, it is being studied for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory treatments, bridging the traditional spice heritage of Maluku with contemporary innovations in pharmaceuticals and personal care.

VISIT OUR MARKETPLACE: